And the class of '57 had its dreams,
But living life from day to day is never like it seems.
Things get complicated when you get past eighteen,
But the class of '57 had its dreams.
~Written by Don and Harold Reid of the Statler Brothers
1957, besides being my high school graduation year, was markedly upbeat economically. Gross National Product growth had been ticking along at better than 5% per year for every year since the end of the Korean Conflict in 1953. However, measurements associated with the government fiscal year that began in September 1957 did fall significantly below the heated economy of the four years preceding.
Consider 1957, when economist John Galbraith was about to describe the United States as the Affluent Society. That year, Americans’ per person income, expressed in today’s dollars, was $8,700. Today [in 2000] it is $20,000. Compared to 1957, we are now "the doubly affluent society"—with double what money buys. We have twice as many cars per person. We eat out two and a half times as often. In the late 1950s, few Americans had dishwashers, clothes dryers, or air conditioning; today, most do.
Upon returning to the scene of misguided youth for our 55th class reunion, the Class of 1957 at
Moundsville High School (
now torn down) found little evidence that the Northern Panhandle of West Virginia had participated in this economic betterment. The 1957 city population hovered near an all-time high of just under 15,000 but is now under 8,900 at the end of 2011-- a decline of 40%. Contrary to popular belief, population did not decline because students could not pass this
1931 West Virginia Elementary School Test.
The population decline relates directly to a shattered industrial base which sapped pride and independence from town folk. Massive earth movers and wrecking balls have been working for years to decontaminate the
Fostoria Glass factory site that had closed in 1986. Across Fostoria Avenue, a warehouse is all that remains of the long-shut
United States Stamping Company plant. Down the Ohio River, just south of town, the EPA was overseeing the decontamination of the two chlorine chemicals plants operated by Allied and by Solvay which were going full blast in 1957. Today, PPG's Natrium chlorine plant is being threatened by the EPA for high levels of mercury pollution.
In Washington Lands, the huge smokestack and cooling towers of American Electric Power's coal-fired
Kammer plant were idled this year by environmental extremism. Goodbye to 60 jobs, $4.2 million in payroll, $1.7 million in local taxes and $620K from state tax coffers. Other local businesses, including the Consol Energy coal mine attached to the power plant, were also affected. AEP's adjacent Mitchell plant may be included in the next round of coal-fired electric facilities to go, under the idiotic policies of the Obama administration.
Still standing in downtown Moundsville, directly across Jefferson Avenue from the city's namesake, the Grave Creek Mound (
largest of the earthwork burial mounds built by the prehistoric
Adena Indians), is the ugly, imposing gothic stone wall structure of the
West Virginia State Penitentiary that was closed in 1995. An attempt to generate income through prison tours has been a colossal failure. The sign over the main entrance remains with its
West Virginia State Seal ironically declaring
Montani Semper Liberi, "Mountaineers are always free."
Just north of Moundsville, Glen Dale's
Louis Marx Toy factory, at one time the world's largest, has been closed since 1980 when 800 jobs were lost. And further north, the rusting hulk that was the
Benwood Works of
Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel was shut during the American steel industry troubles during the 1980s. Surrounding steel operations in the Wheeling metropolitan area also shut because of old steel-making technology, foreign competition, and high labor costs compounded by strike-prone unions. Excess demands and frequent union strikes by the United Steel Workers, United Mine Workers, United Paper Novelty Toy Workers, American Flint Glass Workers and the Enamel Workers Union have all played prominent parts in bringing down these West Virginia companies.
My visit to Moundsville five years ago for the 50th reunion uncovered an exciting development in the region's retail trade. It seems that
Cabellas, the national outdoors outfitting chain, had opened a store less than 15 miles from my birthplace. This resulted in a new interchange on Interstate 70 at Triadelphia, along with a new mall. To hear the locals, people were coming from everywhere to shop at Cabellas! Alas, a 176,000 square foot store is just too small an event to save this northern Appalachian outpost.
Economic setbacks are traditional events in West Virginia and the retreat from locating a
coal-to-synfuel plant on the site of the Benwood Works was disappointing just prior to the dawning of the Great Recession in 2008. In light of the fate of synfuel plants throughout America (especially with the natural gas
shale plays in process throughout the Marcellas Shale deposits region and elsewhere), cancellation of the project, with its heavy government subsidies by then Mountain State governor Joe Manchin, might have been the best decision.
West Virginia's economy has been long suffering because of its glacial moraine topography,
i.e. hills and hollows (that's "hollers" to us WV folk). Nothing can be done to make "caring" environmentalists happy about the cuts and fills required to provide roads and rails needed to speed commerce. "Speed" is probably a bad word choice, because all roads are crooked and travel is either uphill or downhill, sometimes with long steep slopes. Seemingly, because of its location on the Ohio River, Moundsville and Wheeling, WV should have thrived with nearby access to interstate highways, rail and river barge transportation (which adequately served the industries now gone) - but the Northern Panhandle's future is now profoundly tied to the Marcellus Shale which means natural gas extraction and mostly pipeline distribution.
The first hint of the "new game in town" is the limited availability of motel rooms and a newer, higher price tag on the rooms. The occupants inside these rooms are most assuredly gas pipeline contractors, mineral rights buyers and natural gas company personnel.
Local Industry is also taking notice of the new opportunities:
PPG Industries and Bayer Material Science have played a major role in the Upper Ohio Valley’s industrial base for years. Executives at both chemical plants said their companies intend to continue operations well into the future. That statement is subject to scrutiny, however, as both plants have experienced cutbacks and production changes over the past decade. Both Bayer and PPG are banking on the Marcellus Shale natural gas boom to play a big role in the future, as a byproduct of natural gas — ethylene — has the potential to help bolster their bottom lines. Bayer is known to be in the market for a natural gas “ethane cracker” facility, which would convert ethane — a component of natural gas found in the local area — to ethylene, which is used to make plastic. Bayer and PPG use ethylene to help make their products. If such a facility were to locate here, it could mean hundreds, if not thousands, of new jobs, and also help boost the chemical industry by cutting what it pays currently to receive ethylene. PPG Industries Chief Executive Officer Charles Bunch also noted his company is talking with natural gas suppliers in the hopes of locking in fuel costs at low prices. PPG already has entered into an agreement with Dominion Transmission to locate a natural gas liquids processing plant on property adjacent to the Natrium plant.
With gas wells increasing exponentially, the price of natural gas is falling toward $2.00 per million cubic feet but that is
good news to Marshall and Ohio county drillers, because gas deposits here contain "wet" natural gas, where the petroleum content is selling for over $90 per barrel.
Information provided ... shows that drilling in the wet gas areas found in the Northern Panhandle - loaded with ethane, propane, butane and pentane - has proven up to three times more profitable than drilling in Pennsylvania's dry gas regions. For a typical dry gas well, the company earns about $13,000 in revenue per day. However, the company earns up to $38,800 in revenue each day for wet wells, company statistics show.
Potential new employment for natural gas, plastics, and gas liquidification could at last revitalize the region over the next 8-10 years but these new jobs will never be as plentiful as the ones that went away. Somehow, I don't think that I will be changing my long-held opinion that "West Virginia is a great place to be from."